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Henry Fitz-Ailwin de Londonestone : ウィキペディア英語版 | Henry Fitz-Ailwin de Londonestone
Henry Fitz-Ailwin de Londonestone (ca. 1135 – 19 September 1212〔( Derek Keene, ‘Henry fitz Ailwin (d. 1212)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 )〕) was the first Mayor of London (later known as Lord Mayor of London from 1347 and then Lord Mayor of the City of London from 2006). He held from 1189 until his death in 1212. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/about-the-city/history-and-heritage/mansion-house/Pages/history-of-the-mayoralty.aspx )〕 ==History==
Fitz-Ailwin came to power at a time of unrest between Richard I and the City of London. Richard demanded increased taxes and took out several loans from London's merchants to pay for his foreign wars. In return for this finance, the aldermen and merchants of London were granted a degree of autonomy which resulted in the creation of the post of Mayor. Previously, the City had been governed by a portreeve, who was an officer of the crown. The City more powers to self-rule in a charter issued by Richard's successor John. William de Hardel, the Mayor in 1215, was the only commoner to witness the Magna Carta.〔The Popular History of England by Charles Knight (1856) Bradbury and Evans〕 London was much afflicted by fire in the eleventh and twelfth century. According to City tradition, in 1189 Fitz-Ailwin introduced regulations that provided for settling boundary disputes between neighbours and for encouraging the use of stone in building.〔(Introduction | British History Online )〕 Fitz-Ailwin was succeeded as Mayor by Roger Fitzalan.
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